Types of Discrimination

The various types of discrimination are:-

• Individual Discrimination: Discrimination may be by person to another. It also includes discrimination by an institution. Individual discrimination means unequal treatment by a person to another person or a class of persons.
• Institutional Discrimination: Institutional discrimination means unequal treatment by an organization to an individual or group.
• Intentional Discrimination: Discrimination may be a deliberate attempt to treat unequally. It may also happen without any intention to do so.
• Unintentional Discrimination: Where a person unknowingly treats another differently it is unintentional discrimination.
• Minority Discrimination: Where a person belonging to a minority group of population it is not equally treated as compared to the persons belonging to majority of population, it is called MINORITY DISCRIMINATION. The basis of minority discrimination may be region, religion, caste, creed, nationality or race or gender etc. in several societies people are treated unequally because they belong to religious or social minority groups or caste based groups.
• Age Discrimination: the attempt of employees to employ people of a specific age group like ‘young’ or college students’ without any specific requirement of the job is called age discrimination. It also includes instances to removes employees by involuntary retirement who have not attained the upper protected limit of age. It also includes discrimination to award pension and other terminal benefit plans to employees on the basis of age. An employer has to award terminal benefits equally to employees regardless of their age.
• Religious Discrimination: it means treating employees differently on the basis of their religious faith or moral or ethical beliefs. It includes disregarding the religious sentiments like religious holidays, prayer break during work, special dress etc. of people belonging to other religious.
• Disability Discrimination: Disability means those suffering from physical or mental impairment of a person within the limit prescribed by law.
• Unfair job practices: job Discrimination may be resorted by retaliatory or unlawful or unfair job practices examples of such discrimination are prohibition to oppose unlawful action or discrimination, reporting complaints against illegal discrimination and seeks legal remedy against unlawful job practices.
• Racial Discrimination: Unequal treatment or maltreatment on the basis of race is called racial discrimination. Due to Apartheid, in America and south Africa blacks were treated as salves and inferior to whites. They were subjected to social isolation and were discriminated in schools, in jobs, at place of worship etc.
• Job Discrimination:  it means unequal treatment to employees at place of work. The reason for unequal treatment could be age, religion, colour, nationality or other factors    not relevant to job requirement.